Technical Notes:

1. Precatalyst for the carbonylative cyclization of malonate derivatives .

2.Catalyst used in the double allylation of activated olefins .

3.Precatalyst for the three-component preparation of 3-arylidene- (or 3-alkenylidene) tetra hydrofurans.

4.Precatalyst for the homocoupling of terminal alkynes.

5.Precatalyst in the cross-coupling of alkynylsilanols and aryl halides.

6.Catalyst for direct Pd-catalyzed a lkynylation of N-fused hete rocycles .

7.Catalyst for direct arylation of tautomerizable heterocycles.

8.Catalyst for a tandem Heck reaction/C-H functionalization.